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Theology and Sexuality, Vol. 13, No. 1, 63-78 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/1355835806069785

Ingrid Bergman—A Modern Magdalene: ‘Saint to Whore and Back Again’ in Casablanca, The Bells of St. Mary's and The Inn of the Sixth Happiness

Maureen Sabine

Ingrid Bergman's life on and off screen shows the face of a modern Magdalene who transgressed the traditional divide between the saint and the whore. Even in early films like Casablanca(1942), where she projected the aura of a wartime Madonna as the self-sacrificing Ilsa Lund, or The Bells of St. Mary's(1945), where she embodied the romance of the perfect nun as the beautiful Sister Benedict, Bergman sympathetically interpreted the Magdalene iconography triangulating feminine sexuality, sin and sorrow. The star's adulterous affair with Roberto Rossellini would lead to a public fall from grace as the ‘Virgin Mary of film’. However, with her return to the screen as a Christian missionary in The Inn of the Sixth Happiness (1958), Bergman recuperated Mary Magdalene's early church role as independent woman, courageous witness and passionate disciple of Christ.

Key Words: Ingrid Bergman • Magdalene • sexual ideology • nuns • Chinese missionary

References

  • Casablanca 1942 DVD two disc special edition: Turner Entertainment Co. and Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. (Screenplay, Julius J. and Philip G. Epstein and Howard Koch; Prod. Hal B. Wallis; Dir. Michael Curtiz; New York: WNET , 2003).
  • Ebert, Roger 2003 Audio commentary, Casablanca(1942), Disc 1.
  • Feldman, Gene, and Suzette Winter (prod. and writ.) c. 1991 Ingrid Bergman: Portrait of a Star. The Definitive Visual Biography(Dir. Gene Feldman; Narr. John Gielgud; Oak Forest, IL: MPI Home Video ).
  • Maltin, Leonard 2004 Imdb mini-biography of Ingrid Bergman <http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000006/bio, 2-6> (27 January).
  • The Bells of St. Mary's 1945 DVD (Republic Entertainment Inc.) Rainbow Productions Inc. (Screenplay, Dudley Nichols; Prod. and Dir. Leo McCarey; Santa Monica, CA: Artisan , 2003).
  • The Inn of the Sixth Happiness 1958 DVD Twentieth Century Fox (Screenplay, Isobel Lennart, based on the Alan Burgess biography The Small Woman; Prod. Buddy Adler; Dir. Mark Robson; Beverly Hills, CA: Twentieth Century Fox Home Entertainment , 2003).
  • Chodorow, Nancy 1979 The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of Gender ( Berkeley: University of California Press ).
  • Coburn, Carol K., and Martha Smith 1999 Spirited Lives: How Nuns Shaped Catholic Culture and American Life, 1836–1920 ( Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press ).
  • Ebaugh, Helen Rose Fuchs 1993 Women in the Vanishing Cloister: Organizational Decline in Catholic Religious Orders in the United States ( New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press ).
  • Fialka, John J. 2003 Sisters: Catholic Nuns and the Making of America ( New York: St Martin's Press ).
  • Haskell, Molly 1987 From Reverence to Rape: The Treatment of Women in the Movies ( Chicago: University of Chicago Press , 2nd edn).
  • Haskins, Susan 1993 Mary Magdalen: Myth and Metaphor ( London: HarperCollins ).
  • Hughes, Merritt Y. (ed.) 1957 John Milton: Complete Poems and Major Prose( New York: The Odyssey Press ).
  • Kerber, Linda K., Alice Kessler-Harris and Kathryn Kish Sklar (eds.) 1995 U.S. History as Women's History: New Feminist Essays ( Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press ).
  • Marchetti, Gina 1993 Romance and the ‘Yellow Peril’: Race, Sex and Discursive Strategies in Hollywood Fiction ( Berkeley: University of California Press ).
  • McNamara, Jo Ann Kay 1996 Sisters in Arms: Catholic Nuns Through Two Millennia ( Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press ).
  • Milton, John 1674 Paradise Lost, in Hughes 1957: 211-469.
  • Rosen, Ruth 1995 ‘The Female Generation Gap: Daughters of the Fifties and the Origins of Contemporary American Feminism’, in Kerber et al. 1995: 313-334.
  • Spoto, Donald 2001 Notorious: The Life of Ingrid Bergman ( Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press, repr .).
  • Steinberg, Leo 1996 The Sexuality of Christ in Renaissance Art and Modern Oblivion ( Chicago: University of Chicago Press , 2nd edn).

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This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
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Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
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Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
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Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Sabine, M.
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